William weild



UNITE zli WILLIAM YVEILD, OF MANCHESTER, GREAT BRITAIN.

POWER-LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, )WILLIAM WEILD, of the city of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster and Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented new and useful Improvements in Looms or Machinery for leaving Pile Fabrics, 85o.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full. clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specication, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the application and arrangementof a roller or cylinder' which is placed at one side of the loom, with its axis opposite to and in a line with the fell of the fabric and its end about nine inches from the edge of the fabric, which passes over a surface in going to the taking-up roller, corresponding to the level of the upper surface of the aforesaid roller or cylinder, which is grooved or iiuted longitudinally to a pitch equal or nearly equal to the pile loops formed by the wires in the fabric, or wire being placed in each groove. Each wire carried by the grooved roller or cylinder as it. comes opposite the fell of the fabric by the rotation of the roller or cylinder is pushed along its groove into and throughV the shed, when across the fabric the end of the wire still remains in its groove in the roller and when wovenl in the fabric it is allowed to remain still, a certain number of wires have been succes sively pushed into thev shed, and have been woven in the fabric in like manner, when each wire is succesively withdrawn from the fabric so that a certain number of wires always remain in the fabric, one wire being withdrawn from the fabric for each wire pushed into the shed, the revolving of the` roller or cylinder returning the wires for reinsertion.` The shuttle box or boxes are detached from the slay on the wire motion side and have a movement corresponding to that of the slay at the moment of picking the shuttle lacross the shed, but do not advance with the slayvto the point of beat up as the tinted .or grooved roller or cyl.

inder would be in the way.

The following is a detailed description of my improvements.

Figure ll, Sheet l, of the accompanying drawings is part of a side elevation of a loom, showing my invention applied, which is partly represented in section. Fig. 2 is a by the pusher, which also enters it.

16,415, dated January 13, 1857.

front elevation of the same. Enlarged detached views of my invention are shown on Sheet l. Fig. 3 is a front view; Fig. 4, a plan view, (part in Section5) Fig. 5, a ltransverse sectional elevation on the line A Land B, Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 6, a transverse sectional elevation to show action of slide on the fingers retaining the wires last drawn from the fabric in their grooves; F ig. 7, transverse section of the casing at the point B, Fig. 4.

The roller or cylinder It, as before stated, is grooved or fiuted to about the pitch of the loops required in the fabric, and a wire (fb) is placed in each groove, having one end formed as shown by Fig. 8, which is a full sized side view of one wire, and Fig. 9 which. represents the end view of a few wires as they appear in the roller or cylinder 7c. The ends of the wires when placed in their grooves pass through holes formed in a hoop c, (fixed in the end of the roller or cylinder) which holes are made to correspond with the grooves. The grooved roller (7c) lits truly and so as to revolve freely in a casing Z bored out to the diameter of the tops of the tintes. The casing (Z) has projections (Z) from it, by which it is bolted to the framing of the loom. The upper part of the casing is cut away to eX- pose so much of the surface of the roller 7c as contains the number of wires required to be woven in the fabric. A groove Z2 is formed in the casing, as shown in Fig. 5, which is intended for the pieces at the ends of the wires to pass through and as a guide to them when they are pushed into the shed A space is made at the outer end of the grooved roller or cylinder 7c, by a detached section (Z3) of the casing which has a projecting part from it, by which it is bolted to the kcasing (Z). This part (Z3)V also forms a bearing for the axis 702 of the roller 7c. The space formed as above mentioned is sufliciently wide to admit the pieces on the ends of the wires and allow them to be carried around by the revolving of the roller or cylinder in'. A disk 7c3 is keyed on the axis of the roller; against this a toothed wheel 7.24, comes to which motion is given to revolve the roller Against the boss of the toothed wheel is a dished washer upon which screw nuts act. This arrangement is intended as a means of adjusting the grooves of the roller lc to the pickers or pushers when the wheel 704, is in gear, and to give way when an accident occurs. l

The slide way or path (5X) is fixed to or formed solid with the side of the casing Z, and is made parallel to the grooves of the roller 7c. The rope which gives motion to the slide g, passes over pulleys b3, on studs fixed in brackets secured to each end of the casing Z. The rope passes through a hole in the slide g, and is attached to it, by being pinched against the side of the hole in the slide, by a die piece g, acted upon by a set screw g2.l (See Fig. 5.) 'A bracket or holder g3 is secured to the top of t-he slide upon this holder the pusher g4 (for push- -ing the wire along its groove into the shed) is fixed, and another pusher g, to swivel on a stud is also fixed upon it, to draw the wire out of the fabric. The wires are kept in their grooves when drawn from the fabric till covered by the edge of the casing Z by fingers f3, vwhich come against the tops of the flutes. These fingers are placed on fulcrums f4, attached lto the casing Z. (See Fig. 6.) They are pressed against the flutes of the roller c by springs. The fingers f3 would be in the way of the pieces at the ends of the wires when being drawn out but they are each lifted from the roller 7c to allow the wire and pusher to pass by an incline piece g7, fixed to the under side of the slide g, which in passing comes against and presses down arms (f5) from the fulcrum of the fingers f3 and thus lifts them out of the way the spring pressing the fingers down on the flutes of the roller again when the incline \(g7) has passed. The pusher g which draws out the wire is kept against the roller 7c by a small finger spring which allows the pusher to lift to pass over the piece on the end of the wire to be drawn out forcing down the pusher when it gets at the back of the piece at the end of the wire which is pushed along its groove when the slide moves back. A finger g8 is placed on a stud at thedetached end of the casing Z3, is caused to pass against the pieces at the ends of'the wires when pushed in to the space made for them, so as to keep the sides of them in the position shown by Fig. 9, the pressure being effected by a spring acting against the finger gs, which has its end beveled to leave a space between it and the end of the last wire for the next wire to be pushed into. When the slide g is at the outside end of the grooved roller c, the pusher for pushing the wire in the shed occupies the space cut out of the detached end part of the casing (Z3) and is opposite the groove (Z2) in the casing, While the slide is in this position the roller is moved a groove or fiute to bring the piece at the end of the wire to be pushed in the shed opposite the groove (Z2) in the casing into and through which it is pushed when the slide moves forward and it is left by the pusher against the hoop 7c.

In the holder to which the pickers are secured a stud is fixed upon which a bent finger gf, is placed so as to oscillate. This bent finger is intended to pass into the space between the groove in the casing Z2, and the grooved roller before the piece at the end of the wire, its purpose being to keep down the wire in its groove, and to draw it back when the loom is reversed. This finger is lifted out of the way when it arrives at one end of the casing, by an incline Z4, fixed to the casing which acts upon a projection from the fulcrum of the finger and it is brought down again when the slide arrives at the other end of the casing, by another incline Z5, fixed on the casing. To maintain the bent finger gg, in the position in which the inclines (Z4 and Z5) place it, at each end of the casing so as not to move by a slight effort, two flat places are formed on its boss, upon one of which flat places a spring glo, (secured to the holder) presses, when the finger is down, and on the other when it is up. At the endof the fluted roller if: nearest the fabric a finger h3, is placed on a stud It, secured on the casing Z. (See Fig. 6.) This finger h3, presses against the pieces on the ends of the wires to force the'tops of them against each other as they have a tendency to turn out of the erect position when in the fabric. This finger (h3) is pressed forward by a spring and is beveled to leave atone side of it a space (as shown in Fig. Ll) between it and the end of the wire upon which one side of it passes to admit the piece on the end of the`next wire which forces it back. It comes forward again when the roller or cylinder advances to bring forward the next wire. The ends of the wires when drawn back into the fluted roller, extend about two inches past the hoop k2. It will be seen that with the fluted roller in the position described that a wire pushed straight from the roller could not enter the shed being opposite and in a line with the fell of the fabric as the shed space would not be large enough. therefore cause the wire to be diverted or bent from its straight line so as to present its point toward the' widest part of the shed, and at the saine time to cause it to bend upward to compensate for the deflection of its point in passing through the shed. When the wire has passed through the shed it is allowed to assume the straight line again. The bending of the wires above referred to does not exceed in amount, that which they will recover by their own elasticity.

The instrument by which the wires are directed is formed by a vertical rod m jointed at its lower end (see Fig. l) to a lever which gives motion to it and carrying at its upper end, a small trough mi of thin metal. The edge of this'trough touches the side of the Wire last pushed into the shed, so that the Wire next pushed from the roller Y comes against the side-of the trough, which position in relation to the Wires. ,The rodl m upon which the trough is xed, is elevated to compensate for the increasing deiiection of the point of the Wire as it passes through the shed iis-before stated, but when the Wire is pushed across, it is lowered, to

lbring the trough clear of the Wires, so that the Wire pushed in may assume the straight position andv when it is beat up by the reed, the trough again rises, to be in the position ready to direct the next Wire.

I have now described my improved combination and arrangement of mechanism and mode in which it acts, to insert the Wires inthe shed, Withdraw them from the fabric and return them for reinsertion.

I shall now proceed to describe the means by which the mechanism is actuated and the arrangement of the ordinary Working parts of the loom, some of which require modification in consequenceof the peculiarities of the wire. mot-ion. In this description I shall refer to Sheet 1, Fig. l, and She-et 2, Fig. 2. The framing of the loom is marked A; rst mot-ion shaftdriving pulleys (fast and loose.) drives a Wheel on crank shaft and a pinion on this shaft drives a Wheel on tappet shaft e, upon which is fixed the drum cam n that gives movement to the pusher slide of the wire motion. It acts upon an antifriction bowl in a toothed quadrant n', which has its center of oscillation on a. stud fixed to the cross frame. lThe quadrant a gears with a toothed wheel n, keyed on shaft bwhich shaft is placed in suitable bearings attached to the frame. On this shaft the pulley b5 is fixed, to Which the rope b4 is attached, which gives movement to the slide g.

The taking up of the fabric as it is Woven is accomplished from the oscillations of the quadrant by a paivl n3, placed directly on a stud or pinfixed in the quadrant which acts on a ratchet Wheel on a shaft 'n4 (in suitable bearings fixed to the side of the loom) having a Worin n? upon it which gears With a.V worm Wheel n.6, on the axis of the taking up roller n.7. A retaining paWl fixed on a stud in the framing also takes into the teeth of the ratchet. On the end of the shaft n4 at the front of the loom a hand Wheel as is fixed to regulate or turn back the taking up roller. A shaft is also placed in suitable bearings alongside the loo-1n. On that end Which comes to the front of the loom A pinionon first mot-ion sha-ft.

` a handle j is fixed, which Works against a retaining quadrant j, attached to the framing. This handle (j) is for the purpose of lifting the p-avvls out of the taking up ratchet, Which is accomplished by eccentric or cam slots formed in a piece fixed on the shaft j, with which the pawls are connected.

Intermittent movement is given to the fluted or grooved roller or cylinder,.to move it one groove for every Wire Woven into the fabric, in the following manner: A disk 725 having a pin in it is placed at the end of the tappet shaft e, which acts on a star Wheel k6 on a stud iixed'to the framing, to which-is secured a bevel Wheel which gea-rs Wit-l1 another Wheel on an obliq'uely placed shaft le?, which is secured in hearings attached to the frame. On the upper end of the oblique shaft another bevel Wheel is placed, that gears With one on a. stud fixed on the fram-Vv ing. A pinion is attached to the bevel Wheel last named, which gears with a 3inion S, that can slide on another stud xed to the frame. This pinion gears with the Wheel 704, on the axis (722) of the fluted or grooved roller or cylinder k.

The pinion las is made movable on its stud, that it can be slid in and out of gear, so that the fluted or grooved roller or cylinder le may be turned backward and forward by hand when required. The pin-ion las is held in gear by an arm 7c", Which takes into a groove in its boss, the arm being centered on the stud of the pinion With which the pinion ,t8 gears. The lever m2 Which gives motion to the rod m, having the trough m', fixed upon it for directing the Wires into the shed, has its fulcrum m3 on a stud fixed in a bracket secured to the frame; and the end of it carries an antifriction bovvl Which is acted upon by a cam 'm4, placed on the tappet shaft e. The shuttle box on the Wire motion side cannot move with the slay to the fell of the cloth, the fluted or grooved roller is being in the Way. It is therefore made to come opposite the shuttle race and to have a movement corresponding to that of the slay at the time of picking. It is mounted on separate arms c3, the fulcrum or axis of oscillation c coinciding with that of the Slay as shown. Movement is given to the detached shuttle box by a double action cam p, on the end of the crank shaft which acts on an antifriction bowl 792, placed on a stud in the end of a connecting rod p', Which is jointed With the arms c3, carrying the shuttle box. A slot is formed on the confrom arms g on the tappet shaft, bowls, on -t-hem act upon bat wings g, that are secured on shafts g2, free in bearings attached to the side of the loom. Arms g3, descending from these shafts, are connected by straps g4 with the picking arms g5, arranged in the ordinary manner. The finger r acting against the swells of the shuttle box and the shafts r Y upon which they are mounted are arranged in the usual manner, with this exception, the shaft of the shuttle box which is detached from the slay, has an arm from it which projects forward; so that when the shuttle is in the detached box the arm is lifted and holds up the frog finger r2, while it passes over the frog. The frogs are fixed on the side frame, backed by india-rubber as a buffer. When struck by the fingers one of them acts against an upright lever r3, having its fulcrum r4 on t-he frame which acts against a horizontal lever having its fulcrum attached to the frame. This lever forces the stop handle rf out of the notch, a spring acts upon it and causes the shaft r6, upon which it is placed, to move the strap guide W, (which is keyed on the end of it) from the fast to the loose pulley. The tappets-for working the warps are placed on the tappet shaft e, on the side opposite to that on which the wire motion is placed, e being the heald levers.

I wish it to be understood that other combination and arrangements of mechanism than those described may be used to actuate or give movement to the slide g, and

the fiuted or grooved roller 7c and the guide trough m', but as I make no claim to these arrangements I do not restrict myself to the use of them.

The Figs. 1 and 2 exhibit some of the ordinary parts of looms for weaving pile fabrics which have not been referred to, as they form no part of the invention claimed; those ordinary parts which have been mentioned and referred to will render the drawings more intelligible.

It will be seen from the preceding description that my invention combines the advantages of both the fast and loose wire system.

I claim as my invention when applied to looms or machinery for weaving pile fab rics &c.

l. The arrangement of the wires in grooves or flutes formed in a roller or cylinder, the wires on being pushed into the i shed never wholly leaving the grooves in the roller or cylinder.

2. I also claim as a peculiarity and novelty in my invention the arrangement of the wires so that the one to be inserted in the shed is opposite or nearly opposite and in a line with the fell of the fabric or that point where the reed will leave the wire on beating-up; such wires when so arranged having to be bent out of the straight line to present the point toward the widest part of the shed, the whole combination and arrangement substantially as hereinbefore de scribed.

W. WEILD.

Witnesses:

WM. WEBSTER, H. W. DORE. 

